Describe ADHD.
The standard definition of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is that it is a neurodevelopmental disorder and a type of neurodiversity. Usually, it results in impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattentiveness symptoms.The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) lists three subtypes of ADHD, which include the following:
ADHD-PI, primarily inattentive
ADHD that is hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-HI)
ADHD combined type
The DSM-III and DSM-IV no longer diagnose attention deficit disorder (ADD), as ADHD-PI, which often has identical symptoms, has taken its place.
The DSM-V states that the following may be included in the diagnostic criteria for predominantly inattentive ADHD:
Inability to focus intently on details and a propensity to make seemingly inconsiderate errors
inability to maintain focus on duties
Having problems hearing when someone speaks to you directly
difficulty following through and completing activities, typically as a result of distraction or lack of attention
Organizational difficulties Steer clear of undertakings that call for prolonged concentration
losing essential things
having a short attention span
Recurrently forgetting things
The following are examples of hyperactive and impulsive are symptoms of ADHD:
Restlessness, which frequently manifests as fidgeting and trouble staying still
Having difficulty participating in things in silence
seeming to be “on the go” all the time
speaking too loudly or in excess
a propensity to nag or bother other people
Difficulties in waiting one’s turn
The symptoms of combined type ADHD might come from either of the two previously mentioned groups. Generally speaking, the following conditions need to be met for a diagnosis to be given:
Every symptom has existed since before the age of twelve.
The onset of the symptoms must have lasted for at least six months.
The symptoms need to be out of step with the developmental stage of the person.
Symptoms must interfere with day-to-day activities.
Neither substance abuse nor other mental or physical health issues can be the source of the symptoms.
Recognizing neurodiversity
The hypothesis known as neurodiversity posits that certain mental health or neurodevelopmental issues, such as attention impairments, are actually variations in cognitive, sensory, and emotional processing abilities rather than true “diseases.”Neurodiversity can demonstrate how illnesses such as dyslexia, ADHD, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and others can be viewed as distinct ways of being rather than conditions with a “cure.” Neurodiversity can be identified by anyone who believes they may be dealing with one of these neurodivergent diseases. But not every ADHD person may discover that this model matches how they see themselves. Whether utilizing person-first or identity-first language, the neurodiversity movement typically acknowledges that every individual has the freedom to identify in a way that feels comfortable to them. Furthermore, while someone who is suffering with ADHD may view their illness as a disability, others may not. In any case, there are choices for assistance and direction in day-to-day living.
What percentage of persons suffer from ADHD?
According to estimates, 8.1% of adults in the US may have ADHD. Worldwide, 366 million people have been diagnosed with the illness, compared to 129 million children and adolescents. Diagnoses of ADHD appear to be rising, possibly as a result of increased media awareness of the disorder and influencers’ more positive portrayals of neurodiversity. Still, there can be some discrepancies and diagnostic hurdles, and the data might not fairly represent some areas. Communities that are marginalized have lower rates of ADHD diagnoses and care utilization. Peer evaluation of this data may be required, but Black and Indigenous people and people of color (BIPOC) may find it difficult to access diagnostic choices and may be more likely to receive a conduct disorder diagnosis. Children of Hispanic descent might also be more likely to go without assistance. The prevalence of ADHD diagnoses among women and girls is often lower, possibly as a result of societal stigmas and a paucity of studies on the symptom presentation in this demographic. Since ADHD is frequently studied in young boys, adult women who suspect they may have the disorder may also find it difficult to get a diagnosis and may experience stigma when they seek support.
Population data for ADHD
Further information about the population with ADHD is provided below, which may be useful in understanding this condition: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that six out of ten children with ADHD in the United States may also have another mental condition. The most prevalent comorbidities are usually autism, depression, and anxiety. California appears to have the lowest rate of children diagnosed with ADHD, at 5.3%, while Mississippi may have the greatest frequency of ADHD in children, at 14.4%. In the US, 3.3 million teenagers between the ages of 12 and 17 have an ADHD diagnosis.
Support alternatives for neurodiversity and ADHD
There are some assistance alternatives you might look into if you or a loved one has been diagnosed with ADHD or if you think you might be neurodivergent and are having difficulties in your day-to-day life. ADHD medicine has the potential to lessen disruptive symptoms that could interfere with daily functioning at home, at work, or in school. These drugs may reduce anxiety or reduce hyperactivity and distraction. Speak with your doctor about any medications that might be beneficial for you if this is a treatment option that interests you. Additionally, before beginning, altering, or discontinuing a drug for any ailment, always get advice from your physician or psychiatrist. This article’s content should not be used in place of medical advice or an ADHD diagnosis.